Практический курс английского языка 2 курс. Ключи - [51]

The Subjunctive Mood and the Conditional Mood (Units 1—3) 137

but it would be such fun if you came. 18. He saw it as clearly as though it were before his eyes. 19. But for your friendship I would feel lonely here.

Ex. 30, p. 453

1. I wish he hadnt gone away. 2. She wished it were night instead of day, so that no one could see how miserable she was. 3.1 wish she were my sister, I would love her very much. 4.1 wish it were Sunday today, I would take the kids to the zoo. 5. We wished we hadnt left him alone. 6.1 wish you believed me. I have never deceived you. 7. He wished he hadnt left so early. 8. Randall was so angry as though it were his own money that had been spent. 9. Dont look at me as if you had never seen me before. 10. She looks as though she doesnt/didnt know what to say. 11. Even if we had received the telegram yesterday, it would have been too late anyway. 12. Even if 1 were/had been very busy, I would find/have found the time to visit her in the hospital just the same. 13» If only he werent so lazy! 14. Oh, if only I were sure that it was sol 15. If it hadnt been for/But for the bicycle, he wouldnt have caught up with us. 16. But for your carelessness there would have been no accident.17. But for his bright mind we wouldnt have done the translation so quickly and wouldnt be free now. 18. If I had known that you would come, I should have stayed athome. 19. Iwouldgowith you.butmy littlebrother is ill, and Ive got to go to the chemists. 20. It would have been important then, but it isnt now. 21. It would do him good to sleep with an open window the whole year round.

Ex.31, p. 454

Comments

1—3. In these sentences the Old Present Subjunctive is part of set phrases which are a survival of the old use.

4, 8. The Old Present Subjunctive is used to express a wish. In both sentences it can be replaced with should + Infinitive or the Indicative Mood. Using the latter would make the sentences less emphatic. Such a use of the Old Present Subjunctive is very common in the USA where it is preferred to should + Infinitive. That also goes for sentence 7 in which the Old Subjunctive is used to express insistence.

5. After whoever, whatever, etc. one can also use may + Infinitive or the Indicative Mood. May suggests ignorance or

138 Grammar Exercises

uncertainty and has other limitations which makes it impossibl to use in most sentences, containing the aforementioned word ending with –ever. The Old Present Subjunctive sounds rathe high-flown and more often than not even unnatural, so the bes and safest choice is the Indicative Mood.

6. After see (to it) that, make sure that, check that and tak care that one can use either the Old Present Subjunctive or th Indicative Mood, namely the Present Indefinite if the situatio refers to the present and the Past Indefinite if it refers to the past.

Translation

1. «Да будет так», — ответил Стирфорд. 2. Пусть тебе со­путствует успех! 3. Наступила среда, и он был исполнен ре­шимости уехать ближе к вечеру, что бы ни случилось. 4. Я при^ говариваю подсудимого к повешению. 5. Кем бы он ни был, он должен быть наказан. 6. Позаботься о том, чтобы, когда он при­едет, здесь были все. 7. Он настаивал на том, чтобы мальчик соблюдал постельный режим. 8. Рабочие требовали, чтобы им повысили зарплату.

MODAL VERBS

(

ТО UNITS FOUR—SIX) can, may

Ex. 32, p. 455

1. Он устроился таким образом, чтобы видеть, что проис­ходит вокруг. (Indicative) 2. О, если бы я могла снова стать цветочницей! (Subjunctive) 3. Если бы я думал так, как вы, я бы ни дня больше не смог остаться в Индии. (Subjunctive) 4. Думаю, я не смогла бы произнести ни единого звука по-старому, даже если бы попыталась. (Subjunctive) 5. О Густав, нам так хочется пить. Ты не мог бы принести нам имбирного пива? (Subjunctive) 6. Я не умею рассказывать истории и ни­когда не умела. (Indicative) 7. Шелтон не смог сдержать улыб­ки: леди Бонингтон на месте бедняков! (Indicative) 8. Но он не мог повернуться и уйти и не представлял себе, как это можно сделать. (Indicative) 9. Как ты мог совершить такую глупость, Генри? (Indicative) 10. Как вы думаете, к вечеру вы смогли бы

Non-Finite Forms of the Verb (Units 4—6) PAGE139

закончить? (Subjunctive) 11. Она не смогла бы нанести Джей­мсу более сокрушительного удара, даже если бы сказала: «Он улетел на Марс». (Subjunctive) 12. Чем он мог ей помочь? (Indicative) Если бы только его отец был жив! Тогда он смог бы сделать так много! (Subjunctive) 13. Он не мог ни двигаться, ни говорить. (Indicative) 14. Что ты мог знать о подобных ве­щах? (Indicative) 15. Неужели вы в это верите?/Вы могли бы в это поверить? (Subjunctive) 16. Неужели он врет? (Subjunctive) 17. Интересно, что бы это значило? (Subjunctive) 18. Он не был бы так уверен, если бы не знал этого наверняка. (Subjunctive) 19. Как вы думаете, вы смогли бы командовать армией? (Subjunctive) 20. Горы были далеко, и был виден снег на их вершинах. (Indicative)

Ex. 33, p. 455

Comments

In sentences 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9 and 24 can and could express physical or mental ability or inability to perform the action.