Английский язык для судовых электромехаников - [18]

9 1

Read the sentences and point out numbers of those which deal with the topic “Synchronous Counters”.

1. The control pulses are generated from the supply voltage, which is supplied to the control pulse circuits via a transformer and a filter circuit. 2. The synchronous up/down counters consist of flip-flops and steering gear. 3. Comparison of the filtered a-c voltages and the input¹ signal to the control pulse circuits gives the phasing of the control

pulses. 4. The control pulses are then fed to a logic circuit which checks

that they are within set delay angle limits. 5. The output of all flip-flop^ are triggered by a low-to-high level transition of either count input.

6. A clear input forces all outputs to the low level when a low level is applied to this input.

10 20

Home exercise. Read some information on Infinitive with the purpose of its correct translation into Russian.

Особенности перевода инфинитива на русский язык Английский язык Русский язык

I. Инфинитив в функции: I

1) подлежащего 1) Существительное. Пример.

sion was round unnecessary.

2) обстоятельства цели

Е. g. Не had taken extraordinary steps to ensure the precision and accuracy of measurements, enough/too+adj.-finfinitive E. g. Any absorption in this region is too weak to be observed.

3) обстоятельства следствия

E. g. The units had rearranged to produce a new form.

4) определения

Е. g. То carry out this discus- Нашли, что проведение этой дискуссии нецелесообразно.

2) «Для того, чтобы, для». Пример. Он принял особые меры для обеспечения точности и аккуратности измерений.

Модальный оттенок.

Пример. Поглощение в этой области слишком слабое, чтобы его можно было заметить.

3) Деепричастие.

Пример. Элементарные ячейки перегруппировались, образуя новую форму.

E. g. The result that is to be expected is important for our investigation.

II. Must (may, can)+have+3-a форма смыслового глагола.

E. g. He must have finished his experiment.

4) Определительное придаточное предложение. Указание на действие в будущем. Пример. Результат, который следует ожидать, важен для нашего исследования.

II. Вводные слова: должно быть, возможно, вероятно. Пример. Дожно быть, он (уже) закончил опыт.

Now run over the text, read the sentences with Infinitives and translate them into Russian.

11 1

Read the words and determine Nouns and Gerunds:

a) the reading; b) reading; c) the coating; d) washing; e) during; f) treatment; g) treating; h) of making; i) postponing.

12 3

Read the word-combinations and point out Participle and Gerund constructions:

a) without violent decomposition occurring; b) the work (being) finished;

c) with all the adverse influence acting jointly; d) due to the organism having to increase; e) has led to the yield having dropped; f) the readings of this device; g) no hope of our getting high level; h) with the electron centred partially; i) the product with analysis corresponding to.

13 4

Read the sentences and define in each of them the meaning of the word “number”.

1. We back numbers are awfully anxious to find out why we cannot appreciate the new staff. 2. He had not been able to place her, get her number, that was evident. 3. Take myself — I choose that example be^ cause¹ after all number one is what I know most about. 4. The result is expressed mathematically in broken number. 5. This song is one of the hottest numbers nowadays. 6. I must say its hours are numbered. You must replace it as soon as possible.

14 7

Read the text and explain the different functions of “-ed” forms. Retell the text in Russian.

15 30 Home exercise. See ex. 15, Unit 1.

16 6

Translate the sentences at sight. Mind Participles.

1. Some of the above mentioned effects are discussed in the following chapter. 2. The new instrument being developed in this plant will be tested in two weeks. 3. Materials conducting electricity are termed conductors. 4. The phenomenon observed during the test was investigated experimentally. 5. Lacking two bolts we could not assemble the machine.

6. Having been adjusted by the operator the motor continued to work.

7. In magnetic materials, such as iron' and steel, the molecules themselves are tiny magnets, each of them having a north pole. 8. The flow of current being reduced, the speed of the motor is correspondingly decreased.

17 6

In what sentences are “-ing” forms of Participle I?

1. Such mutual repulsions increase with increasing size of the atoms concerned. 2. Going to the port I met the surveyor. 3. This is a good recording. 4. Finding a short circuit is sometimes difficult. 5. Expensive tests were conducted with varying air-flows and loads, with checks being made on current balance, temperature rise and general performance. 6. There problems can be overcome by improving the design. 7. The cur-

rent decreasing, an emf is induced in the direction-which coincides with that of the current, thus opposing the decrease of current. 8. On studying the Leyden jar Franklin began thinking that lighting was a strong-spark of electricity.