Практический курс английского языка 2 курс. Ключи - [56]

Ex. 48, p. 464

1. a) He won4 have to come again, b) Will he have to come again? 2. a) My sister doesnt have to goto work. b)Does my sister have to go to work? 3 a) They didnt have to go back alone, b) Did they have to go back alone? 4. a) You dont have to answer all these questions, b) Do you have to answer all these questions? 5. a) I wont/shant have to go out after all. b) Will I have to go out after all? 6. a) He wont have to come on foot, b) Will he have to come on foot? 7. a) The students didnt have to read the whole book, b) Did the students have to read the whole book? 8. a) She doesnt have to come every week, b) Does she have to come every week? 9. a) He doesnt have to stay the night, b) Does he have to stay the night? 10. a) They didnt have to begin very early, b) Did they have to begin very early?

Ex. 49, p. 464

1.1 gather you have read a lot in English, havent you? 2. He had to wait at the station till it stopped raining, didnt he? 3. The work will have to be done before nightfall, wont it? 4. They usually have dinner at home, dont they? 5. She often has to go to the dentists, doesnt she? 6. You have to go to school on Saturday, dont you? 7. They will have to do what they are told, wont they? 8. We have to begin before five oclock, dont we? 9. As far as I understand, you had to stay there a fortnight, didnt you? 10. You look a bit tired, youve had a long walk, havent you? 11. She has to clean the house herself, doesnt she? 12. They had to finish that last night, didnt they?

150 Grammar Exercises

Ex. 50, p. 464

(1) A previously arranged plan:

1.1 am to see him tomorrow. 5. She is to return tomorrow;)

7. He inquired when the secretary was to come. 10. Something must have happened. He was to have come at eight. 11. Jim reminded me that we were to be at the station not later than seven.-12. Which of you is to bring the magazines and newspapers?

(2) Instructions and commands:

2. You are not to communicate with anybody. 4. She said that! I was not to leave the house. 6. He said that Tom was to apologize.]

8. She says that I am not to lay the table before twelve oclock.

In sentences 2 and 9 the speaker is not giving but asking forj instructions. Both can be referred to (2).

Ex. 51, p. 465

Comments

1. An order. 2. Asking for instructions. 3. Obligation (front the characters point of view). 4. Supposition implying certainty. 5. Prohibition. 6. Emphatic invitation. 7. Necessity imposed by circumstances. 8. Urgent necessity (from the speakers point o: view). 9. An order. 10. The Perfect Infinitive used with was I shows that there was an arrangement, but it was not realized 11. Prohibition. 12. Past obligation.

Translation

1. Я хочу, чтобы ты ее слушался. Ты должен в точности исполнять все, что она велит, и не шуметь. 2. * Ну так что мм делать с обедом? — спросила миссис Хэндфорт. — Переварит и пережарить или пусть остывает?» 3. Рэндал был взволно­ван. Ему казалось, что он должен позвонить ей немедля, долч жен каким-то образом сегодня же увидеть ее. 4. Должно быть,1 в молодости Эмма была очень красива. У нее правильные чер­ты лица. 5. «С нами шутки плохи», — угрожающе сказал по­лицейский. 6. Вы должны как-нибудь обязательно зайти и пообедать со мной. 7. Он проиграл все свои деньги на скачках, и мне пришлось одолжить ему пять фунтов. 8. Надеюсь, что не огорчу и не раздосадую вас, если буду говорить откровен­но. Мне совершенно необходим/во что бы то ни стало нужен ваш совет. 9. Проснись, слышишь? Ты должен немедленно

Non-Finite Forms of the Verb (Units 4—6) PAGE151

проснуться. 10. «Значит, Фрэнк приехал?» — «Да, и весьма неожиданно. Он должен был пробыть там еще неделю». 11. Он все еще помнил рассказанное очень ясно и знал, что надо/что должен сделать. Он взял перо и своим аккуратным, твердым почерком написал заглавие нового романа.

need Ex.52, p. 465

1,5. Need is an ordinary notional verb that serves to express necessity. 2. Need is an ordinary notional verb denoting the absence of neseccity.

In all the other sentences need is a modal verb: 3. Neednt denotes the absence of necessity to perform the action. 4. Need implies that the speaker may think that there is no necessity to perform the action. 6, 8, 9. Absence of necessity. 7, 10, 11. Needntt + a Perfect Infininitive and need never + a Perfect Infinitive show that the actions were performed though they were unnecessary^ 12. Neednt is part of a predicate in a clause of purpose. It is used to show that the person that is the subject of the principal clause views the action of the said subordinate clause as undesirable.

Ex. 53, p. 466

1. You neednt have brought your umbrella, as we are going by car. 2. You needt have watered the flowers, as it is going to rain. 3.1 neednt have translated it for him, he did it himself, he understands Latin. 4.1 didnt have, to answer the questions which saved me a lot of trouble. 5.1 knew I didnt have to lock the door after me, but how was I to know you wanted to come out too? 6.1 didnt have to ring the bell because the door opened before I got to it. 7. I didnt have to help them at all, they themselves knew what to do. 8. I didnt have to write him because the news was already known to him. He phoned me shortly afterwards. 9. You neednt have listened to him. His information was misleading. 10. You neednt have bought such a lot of flowers. Weve already got more than necessary. 11. He didnt have to get up so early every day. It was only on that particular occasion that he did. 12. You neednt have said it if you didnt want to. We could have done without you just as well.