Английский язык для судовых электромехаников - [54]

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Using the notes below speak on generators running in synchronism: 1. diesel-driven, generator, supply, distribution, network, synchronize, shaft, unit. 2. generator, run, synchronism, breaker, receive, closure, equipmen-t. 3. synchronize, alarm, initiate, shaft, generator, knot, network, minute. 4. if, shaft, generator, alarm, become, operative, number, unit, necessary, replace, start, immediate, network.

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Complete the following sentences according to the text.

1. In automatic electrical power plants using shaft generators additional shaft generator control unit is installed for. ... 2. The generator then rotates at the correct speed although without excitation, i. e. ... 3. The time delay for tripping the shaft generator circuit breaker can be set at... . 4. The black-out will last only about 1 s, since... . 5. When a sufficient number of diesel-driven units are in service, the shaft generator. . . .

Translate the following sentences. Mind degrees of comparison.

1. This device is small, but that one is smaller. 2. This is the largest engine room I have ever seen. 3. Segment AB is longer than segment CD. 4. This procedure is not so complex as that described above. 5. The new technique is twice as effective as the old one. 6. This substance reacts one third as fast as the other one. 7. Experiential data were presented in some detail and discussed as thoroughly as possible. 8. This evidence proved not so effective as we assumed them to be. 9. A compound is considered more stable, the smaller its potential energy.

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Translate the following word-combinations. The sequence of translation is 1, 3, 2:

1 3 2

negative grid current; small condenser leak; these measurement units; low energy content; maximum conductor temperatures; various machine parts; other transmitter components. The sequence of translation is 3. 1, 2: Supreme Soviet session; low velocity areas; electric motor construction, high frequency energy; direct current wave.

Id

32

Home exercise. Translate the following word-combinations. The sequence of translation is:

a) 1, 4, 2, 3; 1, 4, 3, 2

exact power transfer limits; normal input generator operation; every nuclear power reactor; this high energy wave; limited input voltage range; all rotating equipment problems; sufficient information processing capacity.

b) 3, 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 1, 2

high-speed digital computer; light signal duration time; high capacity heating boiler; high-speed shaft rotation; pressure-sensitive switching device; long-term training programme.

c) 4, 1, 3, 2; 4, 1, 2, 3

small industrial shop needs; most shaft generators design; ordinary power plant equipment; more corrosion resistance cables.

Home exercise. Read the text and write a one-page precis about unmanned machinery spaces ships. Be prepared to dwell on the advantages of such ships.

Unmanned Machinery Spaces (UMS) Ships —

Control and Alarm Requirements

The number of UMS ships has increased rapidly over the past few years. Control systems are much more reliable now than they were when first applied to ships. Educating the crew to understand control functions is now undertaken by most shipowners. More ships will, in future, be fitted with remote-control systems as a means of reducing crews.

Nowadays, however, far more UMS ships are in operation. Crews have grown familiar with the systems and training is more prolific. In the immediate future more owners will adopt UMS, not only as a means of cutting crew to a minimum and thus cut operational costs, but also for reasons of safety.

Remote-controf systems. As a number of remote-control stations may be installed, operation must only be possible for one station at a time. There should he no misunderstanding as to which station has control at any time one time, thus there should be continuous indication at all the main control stations showing which one has control. When control is transferred from on'e station to another, a warning must be given. Only one-station which has taken control must acknowledge the fact.

There must be means by which the propulsion machinery can be stopped from the bridge, regardless of whether another station is being operated. Any orders activated from the bridge are to be indicated in the control rooms.

Indicators of the speed and direction or rotation of reversible engines. or the propeller pitch and speed of rotation must be fitted on the bridge. Additionally, an independently-operated stand-by control should be provided in the engine room. It must be able to override the remote-control system.

For diesel plant with fixed-pitch propellers the fuel supply and direction of engine rotation should be effected by a single control lever. The controls must operate the machinery in a time sequence acceptable for the engines, and able to shut-off the fuel supply if the desired and actual direction of rotation of the engine and the cam-shaft position does not match.

In addition to alarm indication for the lubricating oil system, the system must be able to shut down the engine if lubricating (lube) oil is lost. The circuit and sensors for this function must be additional to the alarm circuit required.