Английский язык для специальных и академических целей: Международные отношения и зарубежное регионоведение. Часть 1 - [98]

6. Чтобы подкрепить свои аргументы, она сослалась на нескольких выдающихся ученых, которые также полагали, что становление гражданского общества в России началось намного раньше, чем это принято считать и, следовательно, требуется коренной пересмотр исторических концепций в данной области. [6] ____________________________

7. Они взяли в руки оружие по разным причинам: чтобы выжить, отомстить, защитить свои семьи, последовать примеру сверстников, закалить характер, став воином или героем, преодолеть ощущение беспомощности или же из-за отсутствия лучшей альтернативы. [4]

8. Отчасти причина непримиримого сопротивления Турции требованиям курдов заключается в истории конфликта. [4]

9. Своими действиями оппозиция может спровоцировать политический кризис в стране, что в свою очередь может поставить под угрозу положение страны на мировой арене. [5]

10. Почтение и уважение к старшим занимает важное место в системе ценностей этой страны. [5]

Appendix

______ out of 52

II. Fill in the gaps with prepositions where necessary.

1. ___ worst, they demand ___ more wages and benefits for less work, do the minimum expected

___ them, or function as bland bureaucrats mired _____standard ___ operating procedures.

2. Liberalism itself (putting _____, ___ the moment, its egalitarian element) is nothing but an

effort to struggle free ____ restraints _____ the individual.

3. What motivation does another country have to hold _____transfers when the US is pumping

___ billions of dollars _____ th e region?

4. It seems to be ___ human nature to throw ______ barriers _____ the truth. We are taught

_____ a very early age that there can be advantages ____ withholding the truth ___ one's feelings.

5. It wasn't until the weekend that he started to pine_____some entertainment other than the

sight of himself in the bathroom mirror.

6. This collaborative effort is ____ concert _____the City of Chicago's goals as well as our mission

to preserve affordable housing for all Americans.

7. Conscientious citizens fret _____ America's renewed and steadily rising dependence ___

foreign oil and the defense costs required to keep the Persian Gulf open.

8. Ever since then, Labour has been_____the defensive, both ideologically and demographically.

9. ___ the age of 76 and realising that the lifetime ___ the next Parliament would take him ___

his eighties, he has decided to make way _____ a younger man.

10. Even if you are not a skier, it is worth taking the funicular ______the slopes just to experience

the journey and to marvel_____the views opening out___.

11. Most of his work has now been consigned ___ oblivion.

12. _____careful deliberation it was agreed to abandon the project.

13. Ministers also hoped that employers would root______inefficiency, even if this led to a

temporary surge ___ unemployment.

14. ___Mrs Thatcher,___loggerheads_____many of her own party___European issues, this

summit was crucial.

_____out of 10 (0.25 x 40)

III. Fill in the gaps with any appropriate word.

Furthermore, it will be premature to ________ Tu rkey before its process of __________reform

has taken __________. EU accession has proven a strong __________ for __________ countries

to __________ th e principles of democracy, rule of __________ a n d respect of human rights that

form the building __________ of European integration. But, __________ how slowly the reform

process is __________ in Turkey, the EU has to be __________ with its Anatolian partner. The army's __________ in politics, the economy and the judiciary is still very strong, reminding many in

Europe that Turkey has long to __________ before a fully democratic system is __________. The

Appendix

Kurdish issue also remains __________ and many _________whether the EU wishes to import a

problem that has both an internal and external destabilising dimension. Last but not least is the issue of Turkey's refusal to __________ one of the EU's member states, __________Cyprus.

________ out of 18

IV. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.

1. You can't just suddenly decide to go on a safari. You need to plan things very carefully. (SPUR)

Going on safari isn't a decision you can make ___________________ m o m e n t . You need to

plan things very carefully

2. She wants nothing less than to get that job. It would be a dream come true. (SET)

She has _________________________________that job.

3. If they ever discover your role in the incident, you will go to prison. (LIGHT)

If your role in the incident _____________, you'll go to prison.

4. Harry plays tennis much better than I do. (NEARLY)

I am not _____________ ten n is player as Harry is.

5. This will be my student's first performance in Canada. (TIME)

This will be the first _____________________________________in Canada.

6. Both candidates for the job are strong. They are both equally good. (HARDLY)

There is _____________ th e two job candidates.

7. That child is twice as tall as he was two years ago. (DOUBLED)

That child's ________________________ last two years.