A moongate in my wall: собрание стихотворений - [8]

Mary Vezey's poems in English form about a quarter of her poetic heritage-As her translations from English show, she was interested in the American poetic renaissance at the beginning of the 20th century, particularly in the imagists Amy Lowell, John Fletcher, H.D., Carl Sandburg, Sara Teasdale, and others, and was the first to translate Edna St. Vincent Millay into Russian. Her English poetry is dominated by the same themes as the Russian: recollections of childhood vacations in Finland, dreams of becoming a poet, longing for a higher reality, alienation and loneliness, contrast between city and beloved nature, and the search for a path in life. However, her English voice tends to be more independent and assertive and sometimes displays touches of irony, rare in her Russian poetry. An interesting aspect of several later English poems is surrealism, evident in such poems as "Come to the classroom, padre, while the students" (poem 534) and "Night Dance" (poem 531).

The unfinished cycle "My China" occupies a unique place in her English poetry. Though she had lived in China for 21 years, there is but a little trace of China in her Russian poetry, which is generally typical of most Russian poets in China. She did not know Chinese, but was interested in Chinese poetry in English translations. At Pomona College, she published an article on the poets of the Tang dynasty, where she stressed that Chinese poems "are simple and seldom overburdened with useless words. Every word gives a concrete idea, and as a whole, the poem creates a brief, clear picture around which the reader's mind is left to build up the details. Impressionism is the keynote of Chinese poetry. (…) East meets West in the poetical mind."[43]

Most poems in this beautiful cycle begin with an epigraph composed in the style of a quotation from a Chinese poem, though one is taken from an actual poem by Bo Juyi. The poems present loving and attentive glimpses into Chinese nature and people. The cycle begins and ends with poems about poetry. The first (poem 543) describes the loving preparation of brushes, ink tablet, and a "small thick volume," where "the ivory-white rice paper page / is blank," for writing a poem. In the last (poem 561), the poet imagines how, centuries later, her "beautiful polished white bone" will be found in the Gobi desert by a child who "will take it to her father / to make her a flute / to sing a song."

Mary Vezey once wrote: "I know that I translate well (I can judge), and I love it very much."[44] She had an exceptional feel for languages and the gift of fully retaining lexical and semantic precision, rhythm, rhyme, and structure. On one draft, she scribbled that her translations were actually "transmutations — that's what these should really be called." She has the honour of being the first to traaslate Gumilev and Blok into English, and continued to translate Russian symbolist and acmeist poets throughout her life. She also translated many emigr6 poets. In the 1960s-1970s, she turned to translating some contemporary Soviet poets, such as P. Antokol'skii, E. Evtushenko, N. Zabolotskii, B. Okudzhava, N. Sidorenko, V. Soloukhin, as well J. Brodskii, but these translations have not been preserved. Her translations from French (Paul Verlaine, Blaise Cendrars), German (Heinrich Heine, R.M. Rilke), and Italian (Tosti) into Russian did not survive either, except for Paul Verlaine's poem "La ciel est, par-dessus la toit" (poem 570).

She also translated Korean poems of the XIII–XIX centuries into English from Russian translations in the collection Koreiskie shestistishiia (Korean Six-line Poems), published in Alma-Ata in 1956. These six-line poems (sidjo) appealed to her, because, as is pointed out in the Russian introduction to the original collection, they "present an aphorism expressed in images (…), paint a picture of nature in which the main thing is the mood, the feeling of the lyrical hero (…), (and) combine utmost laconism with exceptionally fine poetic instrumentation."[45] To some extent, this observation applies to her poetry as well.

The poetry of Mary Custis Vezey, which evolved from Russian symbolism, American imagism, and some thematic closeness to Chinese poetry, sings with the quiet and sad voice of an exceptional poet who saw life as a tragic contrast between the possibility of a different life and reality. The title of the present collection is chosen from a poem in the cycle "My China," where the poet describes strong, barred, and guarded gates, and says: "But I prefer a moongate in my wall— / an open gate that has no use for looks. / Come, let us walk right through and see the pines / shedding dark needles on the moonlit steps!" (poem 550). This truly reflects the essence of her personality and poetry.

This collection presents all the poems and translations by the poet that I succeeded in finding. They are numbered; the dates are Mary Vezey's, occasionally followed by her own question mark. In undated, unpublished poems, if the dating is my guess, it is given in square brackets.