101 факт об искусственном интеллекте. Как подготовиться к жизни в новой реальности [заметки]

1

Читатели русскоязычного издания могут оставить свои отзывы в интернет-магазинах labirint.ru, ozon.ru, litres.ru. – (Прим. ред.)

2

Google, 2017, www.google.com

3

Dave Gershgorn, “The Quartz guide to artificial intelligence: What is it, why is it important, and should we be afraid?”, Quartz, September 10, 2017, https://qz.com/1046350/the-quartz-guide-to-artificial-intelligen- ce-what-is-it-why-is-it-important-and-should-we-be-afraid

4

Martin Armstrong, “The Future Of A.I.”, The Statistics Portal, Novem- ber 18, 2016, https://www.statista.com/chart/6810/the-future-of-ai

5

Sebastian Thrun, “Artificial Intelligence – Q&A with Sebastian Thrun”, Udacity, YouTube, June 13, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch? – v=gyEyBZdUjCo

6

Wikipedia entry on Machine Learning, December 07, 2017, https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning

7

Dave Gershgorn, “The Quartz guide to artificial intelligence: What is it, why is it important, and should we be afraid?”, Quartz, September 10, 2017, https://qz.com/1046350/the-quartz-guide-to-artificial-intelligen- ce-what-is-it-why-is-it-important-and-should-we-be-afraid

8

KDnuggets, “Machine Learning Key Terms, Explained”, 2017, https:// www.kdnuggets.com/2016/05/machine-learning-key-terms-explained. html/2

9

Dave Gershgorn, “The Quartz guide to artificial intelligence: What is it, why is it important, and should we be afraid?”, Quartz, September 10, 2017, https://qz.com/1046350/the-quartz-guide-to-artificial-intelligen- ce-what-is-it-why-is-it-important-and-should-we-be-afraid

10

Huan Muguel Pino, “Transitioning entirely to neural machine trans- lation”, Facebook, August 03, 2017, https://code.facebook.com/ posts/289921871474277/transitioning-entirely-to-neural-machi- ne-translation

11

Kyle Wiggers, “Google’s computer vision model tracks objects and colorizes videos”, Venture Beat, June 27, 2018, https://ventu- rebeat.com/2018/06/27/googles-computer-vision-model-tracks-ob- jects-and-colorizes-videos

12

Will Knight, “We can now use AI to see through walls”, MIT Technology Review, June 12, 2018, https://www.technologyreview.com/the-downlo- ad/611419/we-can-now-use-ai-to-see-through-walls

13

April Glaser, “Google’s ability to understand language is nearly equi- valent to humans”, Recode, May 31, 2017, https://www.recode. net/2017/5/31/15720118/google-understand-language-speech-equi- valent-humans-code-conference-mary-meeker

14

Wikipedia entry on Unstructured data, November 10, 2017, https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unstructured_data

15

Kai-Fu Lee, “The State of Artificial Intelligence in China – Kai-Fu Lee”, The Artificial Intelligence Channel, YouTube, November 03, 2017, htt- ps://youtu.be/KtVOdFDYk3I

16

Alex Fitzpatrick, “Google’s AI Just Did Something Nobody Thought Possible”, Time, January 27, 2016, http://time.com/4196275/google-de- epmind-ai-go

17

Lisa Eadicicco, “This Researcher Programmed the Perfect Poker-Play- ing Computer”, Time, February 01, 2017, http://time.com/4656011/ar- tificial-intelligence-ai-poker-tournament-libratus-cmu

18

Alex Fitzpatrick, “Google’s AI Just Did Something Nobody Thought Possible”, Time, January 27, 2016, http://time.com/4196275/google-de- epmind-ai-go

19

Demis Hassabis and David Silver, “AlphaGo Zero: Learning from sc- ratch”, DeepMind, October 18, 2017, https://deepmind.com/blog/alpha- go-zero-learning-scratch

20

James Vincent, “AI bots trained for 180 years a day to beat hu- mans at Dota 2”, June 25, 2018, The Verge, https://www.theverge. com/2018/6/25/17492918/openai-dota-2-bot-ai-five-5v5-matches

21

Catherine Clifford, «Bill Gates says gamer bots from Elon Musk-backed nonprofit are ‘huge milestone’ in A.I.”, CNBC, 28 de junio de 2018, https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/27/bill-gates-openai-robots-beating-hu- mans-at-dota-2-is-ai-milestone.html

22

Gary Grossman, “AI-powered ambient computing is just getting started”, Venture Beat, March 30, 2018, https://venturebeat.com/2018/03/30/ ai-powered-ambient-computing-is-just-getting-started

23

Wikipedia entry on Fourth Industrial Revolution, December 07, 2016, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Industrial_Revolution

24

Klaus Schwab, “The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means, how to respond”, World Economic Forum, January 14, 2016, https://www. weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it- means-and-how-to-respond

25

Герд Леонгард. Технологии против человека. – М.: Издательство АСТ, 2018.

26

С. Рассел, П. Норвиг. Искусственный интеллект: современный подход. – М.: Вильямс, 2019.

27

Ю. Харари. Sapiens. Краткая история человечества. – М.: Синдбад, 2019.

28

Ю. Харари. Homo Deus. Краткая история будущего. – М.: Синдбад, 2018.

29

Ю. Харари. 21 урок для XXI века. – М.: Синдбад, 2019.

30

М. Тегмарк. Жизнь 3.0. Быть человеком в эпоху искусственного интеллекта. – М.: Corpus, 2019.

31

К. Ли. Сверхдержавы искусственного интеллекта Китай, Кремниевая долина и новый мировой порядок. – М.: Манн, Иванов и Фербер, 2019.

32

Э. Макафи, Э. Бринолфссон. Машина, платформа, толпа. Наше цифровое будущее. – М.: Манн, Иванов и Фербер, 2018.

33

Э. Макафи, Э. Бринолфссон. Вторая эра машин. Работа, прогресс и процветание в эпоху новейших технологий. – М.: АСТ, 2017.

34

Н. Бостром. Искусственный интеллект. Этапы. Угрозы. Стратегии. – М.: Манн, Иванов и Фербер, 2015.

35

Jon Skillings, “Artificially intelligent: A brief glossary of the ideas be- hind AI”, Cnet, June 29, 2016, https://www.cnet.com/news/artificialy- ly-intelligent-a-brief-glossary-of-the-ideas-behind-ai

36

James Manyika, “What the future of work will mean for jobs, skills, and wages”, McKinsey, November, 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/glo- bal-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work- will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages

37

Simon Fraser University, “Welcome to the cognitive science program”, 2017, http://www.sfu.ca/cognitive-science.html

38

Steven Wong, “A Glossary of AI Terms for Marketing”, Huffington Post, June 03, 2017, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/a-glossary-of-ai- terms-for-marketing_us_58bdc303e4b0abcb02ce20d6

39

James Manyika, “What the future of work will mean for jobs, skills, and wages”, McKinsey, November 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/glo- bal-themes/future-of-organizations-and-work/what-the-future-of-work- will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages

40

Wikipedia entry on Expert system, December 08, 2017, https://en.wiki- pedia.org/wiki/Expert_system

41

Arden Mannin, “What is Natural Language Generation?”, Yseop, May 11, 2017, https://yseop.com/blog/what-is-natural-language-generation

42

Search Business Analytics, “Natural language processing (NLP)”, Sep- tember, 2017, http://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/definition/ natural-language-processing-NLP

43

Wikipedia entry on Speech recognition, December 02, 2017, https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition

44

Encyclopædia Britannica, “Turing test”, January 01, 2017, https://www. britannica.com/technology/Turing-test

45

WhatIs, “Narrow AI (weak AI)”, July, 2016, http://whatis.techtarget. com/definition/narrow-AI-weak-AI

46

Wikipedia entry on Strong AI, November 27, 2016, https://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Strong_AI

47

AGI Society, “AGI Society”, 2012–2014, http://www.agi-society.org

48

Gil Press, “Artificial Intelligence Pioneers: Peter Norvig, Goog- le”, Forbes, December 21, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilp- ress/2016/12/21/artificial-intelligence-pioneers-peter-norvig-goog- le/#4aaf10f938c6

49

Tech Talks, “What is Narrow, General and Super Artificial Intelligen- ce?”, May 12, 2017, https://bdtechtalks.com/2017/05/12/what-is-nar- row-general-and-super-artificial-intelligence

50

Accenture, “Banking Technology Vision 2017”, May 02, 2017, https:// www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-banking-technology-vision-2017

51

Accenture, “Banking Technology Vision 2017”, May 02, 2017, https:// www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-banking-technology-vision-2017

52

Hugh Son, “Your Robo-Adviser May Have a Conflict of Interest”, Bloomberg, July 27, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/artic- les/2017-07-27/your-robo-adviser-may-have-a-conflict-of-interest

53

Brittany Goetting, “JPMorgan Chase Uses COIN Machine Learning Program To Eliminate 360K Lawyer Hours A Year”, Hot Hard Ware, March 01, 2017, https://hothardware.com/news/jpmorgan-used-coin- machine-learning-program-to-eliminate-360000-lawyer-hours-a- year#I2dOFv4dK7G95L3L.99

54

Brittany Goetting, “JPMorgan Chase Uses COIN Machine Learning Program To Eliminate 360K Lawyer Hours A Year”, Hot Hard Ware, March 01, 2017, https://hothardware.com/news/jpmorgan-used-coin- machine-learning-program-to-eliminate-360000-lawyer-hours-a- year#I2dOFv4dK7G95L3L.99

55

Naveen Joshi, “6 ways AI is impacting the finance industry”, Allerin, March 29, 2017, https://www.allerin.com/blog/6-ways-ai-is-impacti- ng-the-finance-industry

56

Statista, “Global travel and tourism industry – Statistics & Facts”, 2017, https://www.statista.com/topics/962/global-tourism

57

Anita Balakrishnan, “Wynn Amazon Alexa Installation”, CNBC, De- cember 14, 2016, https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/14/wynn-las-vegas-to- add-amazon-alexa-to-all-hotel-rooms.html

58

Finavia, “Finnair and Finavia test face recognition technology at check- in”, May 02, 2017, https://www.finavia.fi/en/newsroom/2017/finna- ir-and-finavia-test-face-recognition-technology-check

59

Fernando Volken Togri, “It starts with a single app”, The Economist, September 29, 2016, http://www.economist.com/news/internatio- nal/21707952-combining-old-and-new-ways-getting-around-will-trans- form-transportand-cities-too-it

60

Dom Galeon and Kristin Houser, “IBM’s Watson AI Recommends Same Treatment as Doctors in 99 % of Cancer Cases”, Futurism, October 28, 2016, https://futurism.com/ibms-watson-ai-recommends-same-treat- ment-as-doctors-in-99-of-cancer-cases

61

Robert Hackett, “IBM Watson Suggest Treatments for a Cancer Patient”, Fortune, November 02, 2016, http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/ibm-wat- son-cancer-demo-brainstorm-health

62

Alex Hern, “Google Deep Mind pairs with NHS to use machine learning to fight blindness”, The Guardian, July 05, 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jul/05/google-deepmind-nhs-machine-learning-blindness

63

Jonah Comstock, “In small study, AiCure app led to 50 percent imp- rovement in medication adherence”, Mobi Health News, April 07, 2017, http://www.mobihealthnews.com/content/small-study-aicure-app-led-50-percent-improvement-medication-adherence

64

Accenture, “Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare”, 2017, https://www.accenture.com/us-en/insight-artificial-intelligence-healthcare

65

Kitty Hawk, “Kittyhawk Flyer”, November 20, 2017, https://kittyhawk. aero

66

Rakesh Sharma, “Retail Bankruptcies Soared by 110 % This Year”, Investopedia, July 31, 2017, http://www.investopedia.com/news/reta- il-bankruptcies-soared-110-year

67

Dennis Green, “Walmart will soon have robots roaming the aisles in 50 stores”, Business Insider, October 26, 2017, http://www.businessinsider. com/walmart-store-robot-program-expands-2017-10

68

Jacques Bughin, “Artificial Intelligence”, McKinsey, June 2017, http:// www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/advanced%20electronics/our%20insights/how%20artificial%20intelligence%20can%20deliver%20real%20value%20to%20companies/mgi-artificial-intelligence-discussion-paper.ashx

69

Automated Insights, “Wordsmith”, 2017, https://automatedinsights. com/wordsmith

70

Chloe Olewitz, “A Japanese AI program just wrote a short novel, and it almost won a literary prize”, Digital Trends, March 23, 2016, https:// www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/japanese-ai-writes-novel-passes-fir- st-round-nationanl-literary-prize

71

Sanskriti Shukla, “How an Indian AI startup predicted Trump victory”, Geospatial World, March 21, 2017, https://www.geospatialworld.net/ar- ticle/artificial-intelligence-system-mogia

72

Lasse Rouhiainen, “The Future Of Higher Education: How Emerg- ing Technologies Will Change Education Forever”, Amazon, October 10, 2016, https://www.amazon.com/Future-Higher-Education-Emerg- ing-Technologies/dp/1539450139

73

Matti Mielonen, “Kaupan myyjä saattaa kohta tunnistaa, oletko iloinen vai nyrpeä – Tekoäly tulkitsee asiakkaan tunteet ja opettaa myötäilemään niitä”, Helsingin Sanomat, October 29, 2018, https://www.hs.fi/tiede/art- 2000005878532.html

74

“3 Amk ja Headai taklaavat tekoälyllä tulevaisuuden osaamishaastei- ta” Haaga-Helia, October 9, 2018, http://www.haaga-helia.fi/fi/uuti-set/3amk-ja-headai-taklaavat-tekoalylla-tulevaisuuden-osaamishaastei-ta?userLang=fi#.XB5kEs9KiRu

75

Pedreño, A., Plaza, J. and Moreno, L. “Big Data e Inteligencia Artificial. Una visión económica y legal de estas herramientas disruptivas”, Pater- na: Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, p.59. https://iniciativas. pcuv.es/ebook-big-data-e-inteligencia-artificial

76

Pedreño, A., Plaza, J. and Moreno, L. “Big Data e Inteligencia Artificial. Una visión económica y legal de estas herramientas disruptivas”, Pater- na: Parc Científic de la Universitat de València, December 2018, https:// iniciativas.pcuv.es/ebook-big-data-e-inteligencia-artificial

77

Pacific Institute, “Water, Food, and Agriculture”, 2017, http://pacinst. org/issues/water-food-and-agriculture

78

Damian Carrington, “Giving up beef will reduce carbon footprint more than cars”, The Guardian, July 21, 2014, https://www.theguardian.com/ environment/2014/jul/21/giving-up-beef-reduce-carbon-footprint-more- than-cars

79

Global Market Insights, Inc., “Agricultural Drones Market worth over $1 billion by 2024”, April 25, 2017, https://www.gminsights.com/pressrelease/agricultural-drones-market

80

Big Ag, “Autonomous Tractors- The Future of Farming?”, July 28, 2017, http://www.bigag.com/topics/equipment/autonomous-tractors-fu- ture-farming

81

Eillie Ansilotti, “Inside The Vertical Farm Growing What It Calls ‘The World’s First Post-Organic’ Produce”, Fast Company, February 23, 2017, https://www.fastcompany.com/3068407/inside-the-vertical-farm- growing-what-it-calls-the-worlds-first-post-organic-produce

82

Debra Kaufman, “Artificial Intelligence Comes to Hollywood”, Studio Daily, April 18, 2017, http://www.studiodaily.com/2017/04/artificial-in- telligence-comes-hollywood

83

Jennings Brown, “Disney Is Building Facial Recognition to Figure Out When You’ll Laugh During Toy Story”, Gizmodo, July 26, 2017, https://gizmodo.com/disney-is-building-facial-recognition-to-figu- re-out-whe-1797267294

84

Flow Machines, “AI makes pop music in the style of any composer (the Beatles too!)”, September 19, 2016, http://www.flow-machines.com/ai- makes-pop-music

85

Predpol, “How predictive policing works”, 2017, https://www.predpol. com/how-predictive-policing-works

86

Justin Jouvenal, “Police are using software to predict crime. Is it a ‘holy grail’ or biased against minorities?”, Washington Post, November 17, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/police-are- using-software-to-predict-crime-is-it-a-holy-grail-or-biased-against- minorities/2016/11/17/525a6649-0472-440a-aae1-b283aa8e5de8_sto- ry.html?utm_term=.1e966cb92094

87

William D. Eggers, “How artificial intelligence could transform gover- nment”, Deloitte Insights, April 26, 2017, https://www2.deloitte.com/ insights/us/en/focus/cognitive-technologies/artificial-intelligence-go- vernment-summary.html

88

Egham, “Gartner Says by 2019, 20 Percent of User Interactions With Smartphones Will Take Place via VPAs”, Gartner, December 21, 2016, https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3551217

89

Brad Power, “How Harley-Davidson Used Artificial Intelligence to Inc- rease New York sales Leads by 2,930 %”, HBR, May 30, 2017, https:// hbr.org/2017/05/how-harley-davidson-used-predictive-analytics-to-inc- rease-new-york-sales-leads-by-2930

90

Brad Power, “How Harley-Davidson Used Artificial Intelligence to Inc- rease New York sales Leads by 2,930 %”, HBR, May 30, 2017, https:// hbr.org/2017/05/how-harley-davidson-used-predictive-analytics-to-inc- rease-new-york-sales-leads-by-2930

91

Salesforce, “State of Marketing Report”, April, 2017, https://www.sales- force.com/form/conf/2017-state-of-marketing.jsp

92

Salesforce, “State of Marketing Report”, April, 2017, https://www.sales- force.com/form/conf/2017-state-of-marketing.jsp

93

Salesforce, “State of Marketing Report”, April, 2017, https://www.sales- force.com/form/conf/2017-state-of-marketing.jsp

94

Sam Smith, “Digital advertising spend to reach $420 billion, despite impact of ad blockers”, Juniper Research, 2017, https://www.juniper-research.com/press/press-releases/digital-advertising-spend-to-rea- ch-$420-billion

95

Vilhelm Carlström, “This Finnish company just made an AI part of the management team”, Business Insider, October 17, 2016, http://nordic. businessinsider.com/this-finnish-company-just-made-an-ai-part-of-the- management-team-2016-10/

96

Päivi Lakka, “Tekoäly Alicia on istunut vuoden Tiedon johtoryhmässä – Lyö faktat pöytään ja sanoo, että sinä olet väärässä”, Taloussanomat, October 16, 2017, https://www.is.fi/taloussanomat/art-2000005410640. html

97

Sherisse Pham, “Computers are getting better than humans at reading”, CNN – Cable News Network, January 16, 2018, https://money.cnn. com/2018/01/15/technology/reading-robot-alibaba-microsoft-stanford/ index.html

98

Gartner, “Gartner Customer 360 Summit 2011”, 2011, https://www.gart- ner.com/imagesrv/summits/docs/na/customer-360/C360_2011_brochu- re_FINAL.pdf

99

Tom Turula, “A Swedish FinTech startup armed with cutting edge AI wants to kill off accounting for good”, Business Insider, July 03, 2017, http://nordic.businessinsider.com/a-startup-founded-by-a-finnish-swe- dish-tech-rockstar-wants-to-demolish-the-concept-of-accounting- with-an-ai-powered-solution-2017-7

100

Talla, “Power Your Knowledge With A.I. ”, 2017, https://talla.com/pri- cing

101

Г. Леонгард. Технологии против человека. – М.: АСТ, 2018.

102

Samuel Gibbs, “Chatbot lawyer overturns 160,000 parking tickets in London and New York”, The Guardian, June 28, 2016, https://www. theguardian.com/technology/2016/jun/28/chatbot-ai-lawyer-donotpay- parking-tickets-london-new-york

103

Ephrat Livni, “The ‘world’s first robot lawyer’, isn’t a damn lawyer”, Quartz, July 14, 2017, https://qz.com/1028627/motion-to-dismiss-cla- ims-the-worlds-first-robot-lawyer-is-a-damn-lawyer-by-a-damn-lawyer

104

Eduardo Manchón, “Por qué los chatbots matarán tu web, tu app y quizás también a Google”, Eduardo Manchon, April 06, 2016, https://eduardo- manchon.com/por-qu%C3%A9-los-chatbots-matar%C3%A1n-tu-web- tu-app-y-quiz%C3%A1s-tambi%C3%A9n-a-google-6c612aac4bfc

105

Stan Chudnovsky and Laurie Segall, “To what extent will AI and chat- bots replace humans in messaging communications?”, Facebook, No- vember 15, 2017, https://www.facebook.com/WebSummitHQ/videos/vb. 2940674206593091603085286424176

106

Mimi An, “Artificial Intelligence Is Here – People Just Don’t Realize It”, HubSpot, January 30, 2017, https://research.hubspot.com/reports/artifi- cial-intelligence-is-here

107

Laurie Beaver, “Chatbots are gaining traction”, Business Insider, May 11, 2017, http://www.businessinsider.com/chatbots-are-gaining-tracti- on-2017-5

108

Mindi Chahal and Lucy Tesseras, “How Adidas, Just Eat and HTC are using chatbots”, Marketing Week, 18 May 2017, https://www.marke- tingweek.com/2017/05/18/how-adidas-just-eat-and-htc-are-using-chat- bots

109

Saleha Riaz, “Don’t make bots just because they are trendy, say experts”, Mobile World Live, October 20, 2016, https://www.mobileworldlive. com/apps/news-apps/dont-make-bots-just-because-they-are-trendy-say- experts/

110

Business Insider, “80 % of businesses want chatbots by 2020”, December 14, 2016, http://www.businessinsider.com/80-of-businesses-want-chat- bots-by-2020-2016-12

111

Susan Galer, “What to Do About the Chatbot Invasion at Work”, SAP, February 13, 2017, https://news.sap.com/sap-teched-video-chatbot-in- vasion-at-work

112

Susan Galer, “What to Do About the Chatbot Invasion at Work”, SAP, February 13, 2017, https://news.sap.com/sap-teched-video-chatbot-in- vasion-at-work

113

Accenture, “At your service. Embracing the disruptive power of chat- bots”, 2017, https://www.accenture.com/t20170503T135801Z w /us-en/_acnmedia/PDF-47/Accenture-At-Your-Service-Embracing-Chat-bots.pdf

114

“Oracle Delivers Personalized Digital Assistants for the Enterpri-se”, Oracle OpenWorld, October 23, 2018, https://www.oracle. com/corporate/pressrelease/oow18-digital-assistant-102318.htm- l?source=:ex: nc:::RC_WWMK180119P00044:Digassistantrelea- se&SC=:ex: nc:::RC_WWMK180119P00044:Digassistantrelease&pco- de=WWMK180119P00044

115

Wikipedia entry on Cognitive behavioral therapy, December 06, 2017, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_behavioral_therapy

116

Kathleen Kara Fitzpatrick, “Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Cont- rolled Trial”, JMIR Publications, June 06, 2017, https://mental.jmir. org/2017/2/e19

117

Kathleen Kara Fitzpatrick, “Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Cont- rolled Trial”, JMIR Publications, June 06, 2017, https://mental.jmir. org/2017/2/e19

118

Kathleen Kara Fitzpatrick, “Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Cont- rolled Trial”, JMIR Publications, June 06, 2017, https://mental.jmir. org/2017/2/e19

119

Chris McGrath, “Chatbot Vocabulary: 1 °Chatbot Terms You Need to Know, Chatbot Magazine”, Chatbot Magazine, August 01, 2017, https:// chatbotsmagazine.com/chatbot-vocabulary-10-chatbot-terms-you-ne- ed-to-know-3911b1ef31b4

120

Joe Kozhava, “Build your chatbot with Watson Conversation and entiti- es from Watson NLU”, IBM, May 03, 2017, https://developer.ibm.com/ dwblog/2017/chatbot-watson-conversation-natural-language-unders- tanding-nlu

121

Brij Raj Singh, “Chat Bots – Designing Intents and Entities for your NLP Models”, Medium, January 29, 2017, https://medium.com/@brij- rajsingh/chat-bots-designing-intents-and-entities-for-your-nlp-models- 35c385b7730d

122

Sitra, “Megatrendit 2017”, 2017, https://www.sitra.fi/aiheet/megatren- dit/#megatrendit-2017

123

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